Schedule XI

(See rule 84)

Manufacture of Pottery

1. Savings.- These provisions shall not apply to a factory in which any of the following articles, but no

other pottery, are made:-

a) unglazed or salt glazed bricks and tiles; and

b) Architectural terra-cotta made from plastic clay and either unglazed or glazed with a leadless

glaze only.

2. Definitions. – For the purpose of this schedule-

a) “pottery” includes earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, China tiles and any other articles made

from clay or from mixture containing clay and other materials such as quartz, flint, feldspar and

gypsum;

b) “efficient exhaust draught” means localized ventilation effected by mechanical or other means for

the removal of dust or fume so as to prevent from escaping into air of any place in which work is

carried on. No draught shall be deemed efficient which fails to remove effectively dust or fume

generated at the point where dust or fume originates;

c) “fettling” includes scalping, towing, sand papering, sand sticking, brushing or any other process

of cleaning or pottery ware in which dust is given off;

d) “leadless glaze” means a glaze which does not contain more than one percent of its dry weight, of

a lead compound calculated as lead monoxide;

e) “low solubility glaze” means a glaze which does not yield to dilute hydrochloric acid more than

five percent of its dry weight of a soluble lead compound calculated as lead monoxide when

determined in the manner described below:

A weighed quantity of the material which has been dried at 100 degrees centigrade and

thoroughly mixed shall be continuously shaken for one hour, at the common temperature with

1000 times its weight of an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid containing 0.25 percent by

weight hydrogen chloride. This solution shall thereafter be allowed to stand for one hour and then

filtered. The lead salt contained in the clear filtrate shall then be precipitated as lead sulphide and

weighed as lead sulphate;

f) “ground or powered flint or quartz” does not include natural sands; and

g) “potter’s shop” includes all places where pottery is formed by pressing or by any other process

and all places where shaping, fettling or other treatment of pottery articles prior to placing for the

biscuit fire is carried on.

3. Efficient exhaust draught. – The following processes shall not be carried on without the use of an

efficient draught: –

a) all processes involving the manipulation or use of a dry and unfretted lead compound:

b) fettling operations of any kind, whether on greenware or biscuit, provided that this shall not apply

to the wet fettling, and to the occasional finishing of pottery articles without the aid of mechanical

power;

c) shifting of clay dust or any other material for making tiles or other articles by pressure, except

where-

(i) this is done in a machine so enclosed as to effectually prevent the escape of dust; or

(ii) the material to be sifted is so damp that no dust can be given off.

d) pressing of tiles from clay dust, an exhaust opening being connected with each press, and pressing

from clay dust of articles other than tiles; unless the materials is so damp that no dust is given off:

e) the fettling of tiles made from clay dust by pressure, except where the fettling is down wholly on,

or with, damp material, and fettling of other articles made from clay dust, unless the materials is

so damp that no dust is given off;

f) process of loading and unloading of saggars were handling and manipulation of ground and

powered flint, quartz alumina or other materials are involved;

g) brushing of earthenware biscuit, unless the process is carried on in a room provided with efficient

general mechanical ventilation or other ventilation which is certified by the Inspector-cum-

Facilitator of Factories as adequate, having regard to all the circumstances of the case;

h) fettling of biscuit ware which had been fires in powered flint or quartz except where this is done

in machines so enclosed as to effectually prevent the escape of dust;

i) ware cleaning after the application of glaze by dipping or other process;

j) crushing and dry grinding of materials for pottery bodies, and saggars, unless carried on in

machines so enclosed as to effectually prevent the escape of dust or is so damp that no dust can be

given off.;

k) sieving or manipulation of powered flint, quartz, clay, grog or mixture of these materials unless it

is so damp that no dust can be given off;

l) grinding of tiles on a power-driven wheel unless an efficient water spray is used on the wheel;

m) lifting and conveying of materials by elevators and conveyors unless they are effectively enclosed

and so arranged as to prevent escape of dust into air in or near to any place on which persons are

employed.

n) Preparation or weighing out of flow material, lining of dry colours, colour dusting and colour

blowing.

o) mould making unless the bins or similar receptacles used for holding plaster of Paris are provided

with suitable covers; and

p) Manipulation of calcined material unless the material has been made and remains so wet that no

dust is given off.

4. Separation of processes- Each of the following processes shall be carried on in such a manner and under

such conditions so as to secure effectual separation from one another, and from other wet processes:-

a) crushing and dry grinding or sieving of materials, fettling, pressing of tiles, drying of clay and

greenware, loading and unloading of saggars; and

b) all processes involving the use of a dry lead compound.

5. Prohibition on use of glaze.- No glaze which not a leadless glaze or a low solubility glaze shall be used

in factory in which pottery is manufactured.

6. Prohibition relating to women and young persons.- No woman or young person shall be employed

or permitted to work in any of the operations specified in paragraph 4, or at any place where such

operations are carried on.

7. Provision of screen to potter’s wheel.- The potter’s wheel (Jolly and Jigger) shall be provided with

screens or so constructed as to prevent clay scrapings being thrown off beyond the wheel.

8. Control of dust during cleaning.-

a) All practical measures shall be taken by damping or otherwise to prevent dust arising during

cleaning of floors.

b) Damp Saw-dust or other suitable material shall be used to render the moist method effective in

preventing dust rising into the air during the cleaning process which shall be carried out after

work has ceased.

9. Floor or certain works rooms.- The floors of potter’s shops, slips houses, dipping houses and ware

cleaning rooms shall be hard, smooth and impervious and shall be thoroughly cleaned daily by an

adult male using a moist method.

10. Protective equipment.-

a) The occupier shall provide and maintain suitable overalls and head covering for all persons

employed in process employed in process included under paragraph 3.

b) The occupier shall provide and maintain suitable aprons of water proof or similar material, which

can be sponged daily, for the use of the dippers, dippers’ assistants, throwers, jolly workers, casters,

would makers and filter press and pug mill workers.

c) Aprons provided in pursuance of paragraph 10 (2) shall be thoroughly cleaned daily by the wearers

by sponging or other wet process. All overalls and head coverings shall be washed, cleaned and

mended at least once a week, and this washing, cleaning or mending shall be provided for by the

occupier.

d) No person shall be allowed to work in emptying sacks of dusty materials, weighing out and mixing

of dusty materials and charging of ball mills and plungers without wearing a suitable and efficient

dusk respirator.

11. Washing facilities - The occupier shall provide and maintain, in a clean state and in good repair for the

use of all persons employed in any of the processes specified in paragraph 3.

a) a wash place under cover, with either-

(i) at rough with smooth impervious surface fitted with a waste pipe without plug, and of

sufficient length to allow at least 60 centimetres for every 5 such persons employed at any

one time, and having a constant supply of clean water from taps or jets above the trough at

intervals of not more than 60 centimetres; or

(ii) at least one tap or stand pipe for every five such persons employed at any one time, and

having a constant supply of clean water, the tap or stand pipe being spaced not less than 120

cm a part; and

b) a sufficient supply of clean towels made of suitable material charged daily, with sufficient supply of

nail brushes and soap.

12. Time allowed for washing - Before each meal and before the end of the day’s work, at least ten minutes,

in addition to the regular meal times, shall be allowed for washing to each person employed in any of

the processes mentioned in paragraph 3.

13. Mess room.-

a) There shall be provided and maintained foruse of all persons remaining within the premises

during the rest interval, a suitable messroom providing accommodation of 0.93 square meter per

head and furnished with-

(i) a sufficient number of tables and chairs or benches with back rest;

(ii) arrangement for washing utensils;

(iii) adequate means for warming food; and

(iv) adequate quantity of drinking water.

b) The room shall be adequately ventilated by the circulation of fresh air and placed under the charge

of a responsible person and shall be kept clean.

14. Food, drinks etc., prohibited in work-rooms- No food, drink, pan and supari or tobacco shall be

brought into, or consumed by any worker in any workroom in which any of the processes mentioned

in paragraph 3 are carries on and no person shall remain in any such room during intervals for meals

or rest.

15. Cloak room, etc.- There shall be provided and maintained for the use of all persons employed in any of

the processes mentioned in paragraph 3-

a) a cloak-room for clothing put off during working hours and such accommodation shall be

separated from any mess room; and

b) separate and suitable arrangements for the storage of protective equipment provided under

paragraph 10.

16. Medical facilities and records of examination and tests.-

a) The occupier of every factory to which the manufacture or pottery is carried, on shall-

(i) employ a qualified medical practitioner for medical surveillance of the workers employed

therein whose employment shall be subject to the approval of the Chief Inspector-cum-

Facilitator of Factories.

(ii) Provided to the said medical practitioner all the necessary facilities for the purpose referred

to in clause (a).

b) The record of medical examinations and appropriate tests carried out by the said medical

practitioner shall be maintained in a separate register approved by the Chief Inspector-cum-

Facilitator of Factories, which shall be kept readily available for inspection by the Inspector-cum-

Facilitator.

17. Medical Examination by the Medical Officer.-

a) Every worker employed in any process mentioned under paragraph 3, shall be examined by a

Medical Officer within 15 days of his first employment. Such examination shall include tests for

lead in urine and blood. ALA in urine, haemoglobin content, stippling of cells and pulmonary

function tests and chest X-ray for workers engaged in process mentioned in clauses 9(a) and (n)

of paragraph 3 and pulmonary function tests and chest X-rays for the others. No worker shall be

allowed to work after 15 days of his first employment in the factory unless certified fit for such

employment by the Medical Officer.

b) All persons employed in any of the process, include under sub-paragraphs 3 (a) and 3 (n) shall

be examined by a Medical Officer once in every calendar month. Those employed in any other

process mentioned in the remaining sub-paragraphs of paragraph 3 shall be examined by a

Medical Officer once in every 12 calendar months. Such examinations in respect of all the workers

shall include all the test as specified sub-paragraph (1) except chest X-ray which will be once in

3 years.

c) The Medical Officer after examining a worker shall issue Certificate of Fitness in FORM-VI. The

record of examination and re-examinations carried out shall be entered in the Certificate and the

Certificate shall kept in the custody of the manager of the factory. The record of each examination

carried out under sub-paragraphs (1) and (2) including the nature and the results of the tests shall

also be entered by the Medical Officer in a health register in FORM-V.

d) The Certificate of Fitness and the health register shall be kept readily available for inspection by

the Inspector-cum-Facilitator.

e) If at any time the Medical Officer is of the opinion that a worker is no longer fit for employment

in the said process on the ground that continuance therein would involve special danger to the

health of the worker, he/she shall make a record of his findings in the said certificate and the

health register. The entry of his findings in those documents should also include the period for

which he/she considers that the said person is unfit for work in the said processes. The person so

suspended from the process shall be provided with alternative placement facilities unless he/she

is fully incapacitated in the opinion of the Medical Officer, in which case the person affected shall

be suitably rehabilitated.

f) No person who has been found unfit to work as said in sub-paragraph (5) above shall be re-

employed or permitted to work in the said processes unless the Medical Officer, after further

examination, again certifies him fit for employment in those processes.

18. Exemption – If in respect of any factory the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator of Factories is satisfied

that all or any of the provisions of this Schedule are not necessary for the protection of the persons

employed in such factory, he/she may by a certificate in writing exempt such factory from all or any of

such provisions, subject to such conditions as he/she may specify therein. Such certificate may at any

time be revoked by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator without assigning any reasons.