Rule 150. Ship building and Ship-repairing

(1) Application - These rules shall apply as respects of work carried out in any of the operations.

(2) Definitions: In these rules unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or the context (a) "Certificate of entry" means a certificate which –

(i) is given by a person who is a competent analyst and who is compellent to give such certificates; and

(ii) certifies that he has in an adequate and suitable manner tested atmosphere in the oil-tank or oil-tanks specified in the certificate and found that having regard to all the circumstances of the case, including the likelihood or otherwise of the atmosphere being or becoming dangerous, entry to the oil-tank or oil-tanks without wearing breathing apparatus may in his opinion, be permitted;

(b) "hot work" means any Work which involves-

(i) welding, burning, soldering, brazing, sand blasting or chipping by spark producing tools; or

(ii) Use of non-flame proof electrical equipment or equipment with internal combustion engines, and includes any other capable of igniting flammable gases or vapours. work which is likely to produce sufficient heat

(c) "naked light certificate" means a certificate which -

(i) is given by a person who is a competent analyst and who is competent to give such certificates, and

(ii) certifies that he has in an adequate and suitable manner tested for presence of inflammable vapour the oil-tank, compartment, space other part of the vessel specified in the certificate and found it to free therefrom and that having regard to all the circumstances of heated case, including the likelihood or otherwise of the atmosphere becoming inflammable, the use of naked lights, fires, lamps or heated rivets or any hot work to be carried out may in his opinion be permitted in the oil tank, compartment, space or other part of the vessels specified in the certificate:

(d) “oil" means any liquid which has a f lash point below 132 deg C (270deg and also includes lubricating oils, liquid methane, liquid butane and liquid propane Explanation Flash point wherever it occurs in these rules, shall be flash cup point as determined by Abel Closed Cup or Pensky Marten Closed Procedures as described in IS.1448-1960.

(e) "Oil-tank" means any tank or compartment in which oil is or has been carried,

(f) "The operations" means –

(i) construction, reconstruction or breaking up of any ship or vessel, repairing, refitting, painting and finishing,

(ii) the sealing, surfing or cleaning of its boilers (including combustion chambers or smoke boxes), and used

(iii) the cleaning of its bilges or oil-fuel tanks or any of its tanks last for the purpose of this definition the expression "Oil" means for carrying oil. of any description whether or no oil within the meaning of foregoing definition of that expression:

(g) "Ship" and "vessel" shall have the same meanings as in the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958,

(h) "Shipyard" means any yard or dry dock (including the precincts there of refitted in which ships or vessels are constructed, reconstructed repaired, or finished:

(i) Stage" means any temporary platform on or from which persons employed perform work in connection with the operations, but does include a boatswain's chair.

(j) "Staging" includes any stage, and any upright thwart, pin, wedge distance piece, belt or other appliance or material not being part of the structure of the vessel, which is used in connection with the support of any stage and any guard-rails connected with a stage,

(k) "Tanker” means a vessel constructed or adopted for carrying a cargo oil in bulk.

ACCESS AND STAGING

(3) General access to vessels in shipyard: All main gangways giving general access to a vessel in a shipyard, whether from the ground or from a wharf or quay, and all cross, gangways leading from such a main gangway on the vessel shall be

(a) at least 60 cm wide

(b) be securely protected on each side to a height of at least 90cm. by strongly constructed upper and lower hand-rails and by a secure to board projecting at least 15 cm, above the floor,

(c) be of good construction, sound material and adequate strength

(d) be stable and wherever practicable, of permanent construction,

(e) be kept in a position as long as required and,

(f) maintained in good repairs

(4) Access to dry dock:

(a) Every flight of steps giving access from ground level either to an altar or to the bottom of a dry dock shall be provided throughout on each side with a substantial hand rail. In the case of an open side, secure friends to a height of at least 90 cm shall be provided by means of upper and lower rails, taut ropes or chains or by equally safe means. For the purposes of this sub-rule a flight steps which is divided into two by a chute for materials, with no space between either side of the chute and the steps shall be deemed to be one flight of steps

(b) Such hand rails and fencings as aforesaid shall be kept in position save when and to the extent to which their absence is necessary (whether or not for the purpose of the operations for the access of persons, or for the movement of materials or vessels or for traffic or working, for repair, butt handrails or fencings removed for any of those purposes shall be kept readily available shall be replaced as soon as practicable

(5) Access to vessels in dry dock:-

(a) if a ship is lying in a dry dock for the purpose of undergoing any of the operations, there shall be provide means of access for the use of workers at such times as they have to pass to, or from the ship or dry dock ladders or

(i) where reasonably practicable one more ship accommodation

(ii) One or more soundly constructed gangways or similar constructions

(b) The means so provided shall not be less than 55 cm. wide properly secure and in fenced throughout on each side to a clear height of 90 cm by means of upper and lower rails, taut ropes or chains or by any other safe means, except that the case of the ships accommodation ladder, such fencing shall be necessary on one side only provided where the other side is properly protected by the ships side

(c) Where at any dry dock, there is a gangway giving access from an altar of the dock to vessel which is in the dock for the purpose of undergoing any of the operations, and the edge of the altar is unfenced, adequate hand-holds shall be available for any length of the altar which workers commonly use when passing between the gangway and the nearest flight of steps which gives access to ground level

(6) Access to and from bulwarks: Where there is a gangway leading on to a bulwark of a vessel there shall be provided.

(a) Wherever practicable, a platform at the in-board end of the gangway with safe means of access there from to the decks, oг

(b) Where such a platform is not practicable, a second gangway or stairway leading from a bulwark on to the deck which are either attached to the first mentioned gangway or place continuous to it in which case means of access securely protected by fencing shall be provided from one to other.

(7) Access to staging etc.:-

(a) Where outside staging is erected on a shipyard, there shall be provided sufficient ladders giving direct access to the stages having regard to extent of the staging and to the work to be done.

(b) Where a vessel is under construction or reconstruction and workers are liable to go forward or aft or at warship across or along uncovered deck beams, or across or long floors, sufficient planks shall be provided on these deck-beams or on these floors for the purpose of access to or from places of work, and sufficient and suitable portable ladders shall be provided so as to give access either from the ground or outer bottom plating to the top of the floor

(c) Without prejudice to any other provision in these rules requiring a greater width, no footway or passageway constructed of planks shall be less than 45 cm. wide

(8) Ladders:

(a) Subject to clauses (b) and (c) of this rule, every ladder which affords a means of access, communication of support to a person shall (i) be soundly constructed and properly maintained, and

(ii) be of adequate strength for the purpose of which it is used, and

(iii) be securely fixed either-(a) as near its upper resting place as possible or

(b) where this is impracticable at its base, or where such fixing is impracticable a person shall be stationed at the base of the ladder when in use to prevent it from slipping: and

(iv) Unless there is other adequate hand-hold, extent to a height of at least 75 cm; above the place of landing or the highest of the right rung to be reached by the foot of any person working on the ladder, as the case may be, or, this is impracticable, to the greatest practicable height.

(b) Requirements (iii) and (iv) of the preceding clause of this rule shall not apply to fixed ladders of ship or to rope ladders. Effective measures by means of roping off or other similar means shall be taken to prevent the use of fixed ladders of a ship which do not comply with requirements (1) and (ii) of that sub-rule.

(c) Any worker who removes any ladder and sets it up in a new position shall, as regards that ladder, comply with requirements (c) of clause (a) of this rule.

(d) Rope ladders shall provide foot-hold of a depth including any space behind the ladder of not less than 12 cm. and so far as is reasonably practicable, suitable provision shall be made for preventing such ladders from twisting

(9) Lashing of Ladders:

(a) A fibre rope, or rope made with stands consisting of wire ropes covered with fibre, shall not be used to secure a ladder used for the purpose of the operation.

(b) A wire rope shall not be used to secure any such ladder unless its ends are furled but this provision shall not apply in the case of an end which is so situated or protected that a person using the ladder is not liable to come into contact with it as to suffer injury.

(10) Material for staging:-a. A sufficient supply of sound and substantial material and appliances shall be available in convenient place or places for the construction of staging. b. All planks and other materials and appliances intended to be used or re-used for staging shall be carefully examined, before being taken into use or re-use in any staging. Every examination required by this clause shall be carried out by a person competent for the purpose.

(11) Staging, dry dock altars and shoring sills:-a. All staging and every part thereof shall be of good construction, of suitable and sound material and of adequate strength for the purpose for which it is used and shall be properly maintained, and every upright and thwart shall be kept so fixed, secured or placed in position as to prevent, so far as is reasonably practicable, accidental displacement. b. All planks forming stages shall be securely fastened to prevent them from slipping unless they extend 45 cm. or more beyond the inside edge of the thwart or support on which they rest. c. All staging used in connection with the operations shall be inspected before use, and thereafter at regular and frequent intervals, by a responsible person. d. All dry dock altars and shoring sills on or from which persons perform workin connection withthe operations shall be of sound construction and properly maintained. e. All parts of stages, all parts of footways or passage ways constructed of planks, and all parts of dry dock altars or shoring connection with the operations, shall so afar as is reasonably practicable, be kept clear of all substances likely to make foot-hold or hand-hold insecure.

(12) Upright used for hosting block:-a. If any upright forming part of staging is used as a fixing for a pulley for hosting materials,

(i) it shall be properly housed in the ground or shall otherwise be adequately secured so as to prevent it from rising; and

(ii) it shall be suitably protected against damage by the action of the chain or wire or other means of securing the pulley block to the upright.

(iii) No upright forming part of staging shall be used as an anchorage for a load pulley block, unless the upright is not likely to be displaced by such use.

(13) Support of stages on planks:-Planks supported on the rungs of ladders shall not be used to support stages.

(14) Suspended stages:-a. Stages suspended by ropes or chains shall be secured as far as possible so as to prevent them swinging. b. A fibre rope, or a rope made of stands consisting of wire cores covered with fibre shall not be used for suspending a stage except that fibre ropes may be used in the case a stage of which the suspension ropes are received through blocks. c. Chains, ropes, blocks and other gear used for the suspension of stages shall be of sound material, adequate strength and suitable quality, and in good condition. d. Appropriate steps shall be taken to prevent ropes or chains used for supporting a stage from coming into contact with sharp edges of any part of vessel.

(15) Boatswain's Chains:-a. Boatswains' chains and chains, ropes or other gear used for their suspension shall be of sound material, adequate strength and suitable quality and the chains, ropes or other gear shall be securely attached. b. Suitable measures shall be taken to prevent where possible the spinning of a boatswain's chair to prevent the tipping of a boatswain's chair and to prevent any occupant falling there from.

(16) Rising stages: All planks forming arising stage at the bow end of a vessel shall be securely fastened to prevent them from slipping.

(17) Width of staging: Without prejudice to the other provisions of these Rules, all stages shall be of sufficient width as is reasonable in all the circumstances of the case to secure the safety of the persons working thereon.

(18) Stages from which a person is liable to fall more than 2m. or into water:-a. This Rule applies to stages from which a person is liable to fall a distance of more than 2 m. or into water, in which there is a risk of drowning. b. Every stage to which this Rule applies-

(i) shall so far as is reasonably practicable, be closely boarded, planked or Plated.

(ii) shall be constructed or placed that a person is not liable to fall as aforesaid through gap in the staging not being a gap necessary and no larger than necessary having regard to the nature of the work being carried on;

(iii) shall be atleast 45cm. wide. c. Every side of a stage to which this rule applies shall-

(i)If it is not a side immediately adjacent to any part of a vessel, of be fenced (subject to the provisions of sub rules (d) to (g) this Rule) with a guard rail or guard rails to a height of atleast 1m. above the stage, which rail or rails shall be so placed as to prevent so far as practicable the fall of persons from the stage or from any standing raised place on the stage; or

(ii) If it is a side immediately adjacent to any part of a vessel, be placed as near as practicable to that part having regard to the nature of the work being carried on, and to the nature of the structure of the vessel. d. In the case of stages which are suspended by ropes or chains and which are used solely for painting, the fencing required by clause (i) of the preceding sub-clause may be provided by means of taut guard rope or taut guard ropes.

e. No side of as stage or as the case may be, no part of the side of a stage need be fenced in pursuance of sub-clause (c) (i) of this sub-rule in cases where, and so long as, the nature of the work being carded on makes the fencing of that side, or, as the case may be, that part impracticable. f. Guard rails provided in pursuance of sub-clause (c) (i) of this sub-rule may be removed for the time and to the extent necessary for the access of persons or for the movement of materials; but guard rails removed for either of these purposes shall be replaced as soon as practicable. g. Where it is not reasonably practicable to comply with the provisions of sub-clause (c) (i) of this sub-rule, workers shall be provided with suitable safety belts equipped with life lines which are secured with a minimum amount of slack to a fixed structure. FURTHER PRECAUTIONS AGAINST FALL OF PERSONS, MATERIALS AND ARTICLES

(19) Fencing of dry docks:-a. Fencing shall be provided at or near the edges of a dock at a ground level, including edges above flights of steps and chutes for materials. The height of such fencing shall at no point be less than 1 m. b. Such fencing as aforesaid shall be kept in position save when and to the extent to which its absence is necessary (whether or not for the purposes of the operations) for the access of persons, or for movement of materials or vessels or for traffic or working, or for repair but fencing removed for any of those purposes shall be kept readily available and shall be replaced as soon as practicable.

(20) Protection of openings:-a. Every side or edge of an opening in a deck or tank top of a vessel, being a side or edge which may be a source of danger to workers shall, except where and while the opening is securely covered or where the side or edge is protected to a height of not less than 75 cm. by a earning or other part of the vessel, be provided with fencing to height of not less than 90 cm. above the edge or side and such fencing shall be kept in position save and when to the extent to which its absence is necessary (whether or not for the purposes of the operations) for the access of persons, or the movement of materials, or for traffic or working, or for repair, but fencing removed for any of these purposes shall be kept readily available and shall. He replaced as soon as practicable. b. Sub-clause (a) of this sub-rule shall not apply-

(i)to that part of an opening in a deck or tank top which is at the head of a stairway or ladder-way intended to be used while the operations are being carried on; or

(ii) to parts of a deck or tank to which are intended top. Be plated except such parts where plating has necessarily to be delayed so that the opening may be used for the purpose of the operation.

(21) Fall of articles from stages: Where workers are at work outside a vessel on a stage adjacent to part of the structure of the vessel and other workers are at work directly beneath that stage, the planks of the stage shall be in such a position that no article liable to cause injury to the workers can fall between the planks, and the inside plank of the stage shall be placed as near as practicable to the structure of the vessel having regard to the nature of the work being carried on.

(22) Boxes for rivets etc.:-a. Boxes or other suitable receptacles for rivets, nuts, bolts and welding rods shall be provided for the use of workers. b. It shall be the duty of the workers to use, as far as practicable, the boxes or other suitable receptacles so provided.

(23) Throwing down materials and articles:-a. Subject to the provisions of a sub-clause (b) of this sub-rule, parts of staging, tools and other articles and materials shall not be thrown down from a height where they are liable to cause injury to workers, but shall be properly lowered. b. When the work to be done necessarily involves the throwing down from a height of articles or materials, conspicuous notices shall be posted to warn persons from working or passing, underneath the place from which articles or materials may fall, or the work shall be done under the direct supervision of a competent person in authority. c. No person shall throwdown any articles or materials from a height except in accordance with the requirement of this sub-rule.

(24) Loose articles or materials: As far as practicable, steps shall be taken to minimize the risk arising from loose articles or materials being left lying about in any place from which they may fall on workers or persons passing underneath.

RAISING AND LOWERING

(25) Secureness of loads:-a. Loads shall be securely suspended or supported whilst being raised or lowered, and all reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent danger from slipping or displacement. b. Where by reason of the nature or position of the operations load is liable, whilst being moved by a lifting machine or lifting tackle, to come into contact with any object so that the object may become displaced, special measures shall be adopted to prevent the danger as far as reasonably practicable.

(26) Support of lifting machines and lifting tackle: Every lifting machine and all lifting tackle shall be adequately and suitably supported or suspended having regard to the purpose for which it is used.

(27) Wire ropes with broken wires: No wire rope shall be used if in any length of ten diameters the total number of visible broken wires exceeds five percent of the total number of wires, or if the rope shows signs of excessive wear of coercion or other serious defect.

(28) Supplies in wire-ropes:- A thimble or loop splice made in any wire rope shall have at least three tucks with a whole stand of the rope and two tucks with one half of the wires cut out of each stand. All tucks shall be against the lay of the rope:

Provided that this sub-rule shall not operate to prevent the use of another form of splice which can be shown to be as efficient as the form of splice specified in this sub-rule.

(29) Knotted chains,etc.:-a. No chain or wire rope shall be used when there is a knotted in any part thereof. b. No chain which is shortened or joined to another chain by means of bolts and nuts shall be used

Provided that this does not exclude the use of a chain bolted or joined to another chain by an approved and properly constructed attachment.

(30) Precautions against damage to chains and ropes: Appropriate steps shall be taken to prevent, so far as practicable, the use of chains or ropes for raising or lowering in circumstances in which they are in or liable to come into contact with sharp edges of plant materials or loads or with sharp edges of any part of the vessel on which work is being carried out.

(31) Loads on lifting appliances: No loads shall be left suspended from a lifting appliance other than a self-sustaining manually operated lifting appliance, unless there is a competent person in charge of the appliance while the load is so left.

(32) Heavy loads:- Where there is reason to believe that a load being lifted or lowered on a lifting appliance weights more than 20 tonnes, its height shall be ascertained by means of an accurate weighing machine or by the estimation of a person competent for the purpose, and shall be clearly marked on the load :

Provided that this sub-rule shall not apply to any load lifted or lowered by a crane which has either a fixed or a derricking jib and which is lifted with an approved type of indicator in good working order which,-

(i) indicates clearly to the driver or person operating the crane the load being carried approaches safe working load of the crane for the radius of the jib at which the load is carried; and

(ii) Gives an efficient sound signal when the load moved is in excess of the safe working load of the crane at that radius.

PRECAUTIONS AGAINST ASPHYXIATION, INJURIOUS FUMES OR EXPLOSIONS

(33) Certification for entry into confined spaces likely to contain dangerous fumes:- A Space shall not be certified under Section 36(3)(a) of the Act unless-

(i) Effective steps have been taken to prevent any ingress of dangerous fumes

(ii) any sludge or other deposit liable to give off dangerous fumes has been removed and the space contain no other material liable to give off dangerous fumes ; and

(iii) the space has been adequately ventilated and tested for dangerous fumes and has a supply of air adequate for respiration, but no account shall be taken for the purposes of sub-paragraph (ii) of his paragraph of this sub-rule of any deposit or other material liable to give off dangerous fumes in insignificant quantities only.

(34) Precautions against shortage of oxygen:-No person shall enter or remain in any confined space in vessel, being a confined space in which there is reason to apprehend that the proportion of oxygen in the air is so low as to involve risk of persons being overcome, unless either-

(i) The space has been and remains adequately ventilated and a responsible person has tested it and certified that it is safe for entry without breathing apparatus; or

(ii) He is wearing a suitable breathing apparatus and a safety belt securely attached to a rope, the free end of which is held by person standing outside the confined space.

(35) Rivet fires:-a. Rivet fires shall not be taken into or used in or remain in any confined space on board or in a vessel unless there is adequate ventilation to prevent the accumulation of fumes. b. No person employed shall move a rivet fire into any confined space on board or in a vessel he has been authorized by his employer to move the fire into that space.

(36) Gas cylinders and acetylene generators:-a. No cylinder which contains or has contained oxygen or any flammable gas or vapor at a pressure above atmospheric pressure and no acetylene generating plant, shall be installed or placed within 5 M. of any substantial source of heat (including any boiler or furnace when alight) other than the burner or blow pipe operated from the cylinder or plant. b. No such cylinder and no such plant shall be taken below the weather deck in the case of a vessel undergoing repair, or below the topmost completed deck in the case of a vessel under construction, unless it is installed or placed in a part of the vessel which is adequately ventilated to prevent any dangerous concentration of gas or fumes.

(37) Further provision as to acetylene generators:-a. The following provisions shall be observed as respects any acetylene generating plant:

(i) no such plant shall be installed or placed in any confined space unless effective and suitable provision is made for securing and maintaining the adequate ventilation of that space so as to prevent, as far as practicable, any dangerous accumulation of gas;

(ii) any person attending or operating any such plant shall have been fully instructed in its working and a copy of the maker's instructions for that type of plant shall be constantly available for his use;

(iii) the charging and cleaning of such plant shall so far as practicable be done during day light; and

(iv) Partly spent calcium carbide shall not be recharged into an acetylene generator. b. No person shall smoke or strike a light or take a naked light or a lamp in or into any acetylene generator house or shed or in or into dangerous proximity to any acetylene generating plant in the open air or on board a vessel;

Provided that this sub-clause shall not apply as respects a generator in the open air or on board vessel which, since it was last charged, has been thoroughly cleaned and freed from any calcium carbide and acetylene gas. c. A prominent notice prohibiting smoking, naked lights and lamps shall be exhibited on or near every acetylene generating plant whilst it is charged or is being charged or is being cleaned.

(38) Construction of plant for cutting, welding or heating metal:-a. Pipes or hoses for the supply of oxygen or any flammable gas or vapour to any apparatus for cutting, welding or heating, metal shall be of good construction and sound material and be properly maintained. b. Such pipes or hoses shall be securely attached to the apparatus and other connections by means of suitable clips or other equally effective appliances. c. Efficient reducing and regulating valves for reducing the pressure of the gases shall be provided and maintained in connection with all cylinders containing oxygen or any flammable gas or vapour at a pressure above atmospheric while the gases or vapours from such cylinders are being used in any process of cutting, welding or heating metal. d. Where acetylene gas is used for cutting, welding or heating metal-

(i) a properly constructed and efficient back-pressure valve and flame arrestor shall be provided and maintained in the acetylene supply pipe between each burner or blow-pipe and the acetylene generator, cylinder or container from which it is supplied, and shall be placed as near as practicable to the burner or blow- pipe, except that those requirements shall not apply where an acetylene cylinder serves only one burner or blow-pipe; and

(ii) Any hydraulic valve provided in pursuance of the preceding clause shall be inspected on each day by every person who uses the burner or blow-pipe on that day and it shall be the duty of every worker who used the burner or blow-pipe to inspect the hydraulic valve accordingly. e. The operating valves of burners or blow-pipes to which oxygen or any flammable gas or vapour is supplied for the purposes of cutting, welding or heating metal shall be so constructed, or the operating mechanism shall be so protected that the valves cannot be opened accidentally.

(39) Precautions after use of apparatus for cutting, welding or heating metal:-a. In the case of apparatus on board a vessel and used for cutting, welding, or heating metal with the aid of oxygen or any flammable gas or vapour supplied at a pressure above atmospheric pressure, the precautions specified in the following sub-clause of this sub-rule shall be taken when such use ceases for the day or a substantial period and the apparatus is to be left on board, but need not be taken when such use is discontinued merely during short interruptions of work. The requirements in sub-clauses

(a) And (b) of this sub-rule shall not apply during a meal interval, provided that a responsible person is placed in charge of the plant and equipment referred to therein.

(b) Supply valves of cylinders, generators and gas mains shall be securely closed and the valve key shall be kept in the custody of a responsible person.

(c) Moveable pipes or houses used for conveying oxygen of flammable gas or vapour and welding cutting torches shall in the case of vessel undergoing construction, be brought to the topmost completed deck, or in the case of a vessel under going repair to a weather-deck, or in either case to some other place of safety which is adequately ventilated to prevent any dangerous concentration of gas or fumes.

Provided that were owing to the nature of the work it is impracticable to comply with the foregoing requirements of this sub-rule, the pipes or noses shall be disconnected from cylinders, generators or gas mains as the case may be.

(d) When cylinders or acetylene generating plant have been taken below deck as permitted by sub- clause (b) of sub-rule (36) such cylinders or acetylene generating plant shall be brought to a weather deck, or, in the case of vessel undergoing construction to the top most completed deck.

(40) Naked light and hot work on oil-carrying vessels:-a. Subject to the provisions of sub-clause (b) of this rule and to the provisions of sub-rule (48) and without prejudice to the provisions of Rules 46 and 47, no naked light, fire or lamp (other than a safety lamp of a type approved for the purpose of this sub-rule-

(i)Shall be permitted to be applied to or to be in or any hot work permitted to be carried out in any part of the tanker, unless, since oil was last carried in that tanker, a naked light certificate, has been obtained and is in force in respect of that part of the tanker for which in the opinion of a competent analyst, a naked light certificate is necessary

Provided that a naked light, fire or lamp of a kind specified, in writing by a competent analyst may be applied to, or be in, or any hot work of a type specified by him carried on any part of the tanker so specified

(ii) Shall be permitted-1. To be in any oil-tank on board or in a vessel in which oil tank the oil last carried was oil having a flash point of less than 23 deg C (73deg F). or was liquid methane, liquid propane or liquid butane, or any hot work permitted to be carried out in a such oil-tank or vessel unless a naked light certificate has previously been obtained on the same day and is in force in respect of that oil tank and of any oil- tank, compartment or space adjacent there to ; 2. to be applied to the outer surface of any oil-tanker in board or in a vessel in which oil-tank the oil last carried was such oil as afore said or any work of such a nature which is likely to produce sufficient heat capable of igniting inflammable gas or vapours permitted to be carried out on the outer surface of such oil-tank or vessel, unless a naked light certificate has previously been obtained on the same day and is in force in respect of that oil-tank ; 3. to be applied to the outer surface of, or to be in any compartment or space adjacent an oil-tank on board or in a vessel in which oil-tank the oil last carried was such oil as aforesaid, or any hot work permitted to be carried out in such compartment or space as aforesaid or any work of such nature which is likely to produce sufficient heat capable of igniting inflammable gases or vapours, permitted to be carried out on the outer surface of such compartment or space, unless a naked light certificate has previously been obtained on the same day and is in force in respect of that compartment or space ;

Provided that where in any such case referred to in sub- clause (i), (ii) or (iii) of this sub-rule a competent analyst has certified that daily naked light certificates are necessary or are necessary only to specified extent, such a daily certificate need not be obtained or, as the case may be, need only be obtained to the specified extent;

(iii) shall be permitted to be applied to the outer surface, of, or to be in, any oil-tank on board or in a vessel or any hot work permitted to be carried out in any such oil-tank or vessel or any work of such nature which is likely to produce sufficient heat capable of igniting inflammable gases or vapours permitted to be carried out on the outer surface of the oil- tank or vessel, unless since oil was last carried in that oil-tank, a naked light certificate has been obtained and is in force in respect of that oil tank

(iv) shall be permitted to be applied to the outer surface of, or to be in, any compartment or space adjacent to an oil-tank on board or in a vessel or any hot work permitted to be carried out in any such compartment or space, or any work of such nature which is likely to produce sufficient heat capable of igniting inflammable gases or vapours, permitted to be carried out on the outer surface of any such compartment or space, unless since oil was last carried as cargo in that oil-tank, a naked light certificate has been obtained and is in force in respect of that compartment or space. b. Not with standing any thing in clause(a) of this sub-rule, heated rivets may be permitted in any place without naked light certificate being in force in respect of that place if expressly so authorised by competent analyst who certified that after adequate and suitable testing, he is satisfied having regard to all the circumstances of the atmosphere becoming ease, including the likelihood or otherwise of the atmosphere becoming flammable, that the place is sufficiently free from flammable vapour, but such heated rivets shall, where practicable, be passed through tubes. c. No person shall introduce, have or apply naked light, fire or lamp (other than safety lamp of a type approved for the purpose of this sub-rule) into, in or to any place where they are prohibited by this sub-rule. d. No person shall carry out hot work or any work of such nature which is likely to produce sufficient heat capable of igniting inflammable gases or vapours, in any place or any surface where they are prohibited by this sub-rule. e. In this sub-rule the, expression' competent analyst' means an analyst who is competent to give a naked light certificate.

(41) Entering oil-tanks:-a. No person (other than an analyst entering with a view to issuing a certificate of entry) shall, unless he is wearing a breathing apparatus of a type approved for the purpose of this sub-rule, enter or remain in an oil-tank on in a vessel unless since the oil-tank last contained oil, a certificate of entry has been obtained and is in force in respect of the tank. b. Without prejudice to Clause (a) of this sub-rule, no person (other than an analyst entering as aforesaid) shall be allowed or required to enter or remain in an oil-tank on board or in a vessel in which oil tank, the oil last carried was oil having a flash point of less than 230 deg C (73deg F) unless since the oil-tank last contained oil, an analyst has certified that the atmosphere is sufficiently free from inflammable mixture. c. The provisions of this sub-rule are without prejudice to the requirements of sub-rule (34).

(42) Duration of certificates: Any naked light certificates or certificates of entry may be issued subject to a condition that it shall not remain in force after a time specified in the certificate.

(43) Posting of certificates: Every occupier for whom a naked light certificate or certificate of entry is obtained shall ensure that the certificate or a duplicate thereof is posted, as soon as may be, and remains posted in a position where it may be conveniently read by all persons, concerned.

(44) Maintaining safe atmosphere:-a. When conditions in an oil-tank are such in respect of which a naked light certificate has been issued that there is possibility of oil vapour being released from residues or other sources, test shall be carried out by a competent analyst at such intervals, as may be required so as to ensure that the condition in the tank are maintained safe. b. Whenever hot work carried on or a naked light, fire or lamp is allowed to be, on the whether deck over spaces, in respect of which a naked light certificate has not been issued all covers of man holes or openings on deck and all valves (except those which are connected to high vent pipes) connecting the weather deck with the said spaces, shall be closed. c. A record of all the tests carried out for the purpose of sub-rules (34), (40) and (41) shall be maintained in a register which should furnish the date, time location and results of the tests.

(45) Cleaning of oil-tanks:-a. Subject to the provisions of sub-rule (4), before a test for flammable vapour is carried out with a view to the issue of a naked light certificate for the purposes of sub-rule (40) in respect of an oil- tank on board or in a vessel, that oil-tank shall, since oil was last introduced into the tank, be cleaned and ventilated in accordance with clause (b) of this sub-rule. b. The said cleaning and ventilation shall be carried out by the following methods, namely-

(i) the oil-tank shall be treated in such a manner and for such period as will ensure the vaporisation of all volatile oil;

(ii) all residual oil on any sludge or other deposition in the oil tank shall be removed there from; c. After the oil tank has been so cleaned

(i) All covers of man-holes and other openings therein shall be removed and it shall be thoroughly ventilated by mechanical or other efficiency means with a view to the removal of all oil vapour; and

(ii) The interior surfaces, if any deposit remains thereon, shall be washed or scrapped down.

(46) In validation of certificates:-a. If during the course of work in, or to the surface or, any part of tanker or air craft carrier, any pipe or tank joint is opened or broken on any other event occurs so that there is a risk of oil vapour entering or arising in that part of the tanker or aircraft carrier, that work shall be suspended thereafter any certificates of entry previously issued in respect of any oil-tank, oil-tank in that part and any naked light certificate previously issued in respect of that part shall be no longer in force. b. If (in the case of vessel other than a tanker or a aircraft carrier) during the course of work in any oil-tank or any compartment or space adjacent thereto, any pipe or tank joint is opened or broken or any other event occurs so that, there is a risk of oil vapour entering or arising in the oil tank, or in any compartment or space adjacent thereto shall be suspended and thereafter any certificate of entry previously issued in respect of oil tank and any naked light certificate previously issued in respect of oil-tank or any compartment or space adjacent thereto shall be no longer in force.

(47) Provisions as to work in other compartment or spaces:-a. Without prejudice to the other provisions of these rules, if the presence of oil in such quantity and in such position as to be likely to give rise to fire or explosion is detected in any part of a vessel, being a part to which this sub- rule applies and in which repairs of the following, kind are to be or are being undertaken, that is to say repairs involving the use of a naked light, fire or lamp (other than a safety lamp of a type approved for the purpose of sub- rule (40), or involving hot work, such repairs shall not be started or continued until a naked light certificate has been issued or, as the case may be, reissued in respect of that part of the vessel). b. This sub-rule shall apply to beiges, shaft tunnels, pump rooms, lamp rooms, and to compartments and spaces other than those to which clause

(a) (iv) of sub-rule (40) applies.

(48) Exemptions: If the Chief Inspector is satisfied, by reason of the nature of the work and the circumstances in which it is carried out, that any provisions of sub- rules (33) and (45) or part thereof can be suspended or relaxed without danger to the health or safety of any person, he may grant suspension or relaxation in writing specifying such conditions as he may consider fit. Any such suspension or relaxation may be revoked at any time. PRECAUTIONS IN USE OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY

(49) Earthing: Electric energy other than that generated by an independent generating unit on board shall not be taken for use, or used in, or in connection with any of the operations unless the body of the ship is securely earthed in such a manner as to ensure an immediate and safety discharge of energy to the earth. A ship or vessel shall not be considered as securely earthed for the purpose of this rule, only on account of its being partly submerged in water.

(50) Arcwelding:-a. Electric arc welding shall not be carded on in connection with any of the operations unless separate and fully insulated welding return conductor or conductors, as the case may be, of adequate electrical capacity are provided for return of the current to the transformer or generator of the welding set. b. The return end of source of the welding current shall not be earthed. c. All work on which welding is carried on shall be securely earthed independently to an earth electrode by means of conductor or conductors, as the case may be, of adequate capacity, unless all such works are connected to any structure of the ship or vessel in such manner as to ensure adequate connection to earth as aforesaid.

(51) Cutting of energy in certain cases: Electrical energy shall be cut off from all portable electric tools and manual electrode holders within any tank compartment or space referred to in sub-rules (34) and (40) or in any other confined space during all times when such tools or holders are not in operation:

Provided that for determining whether any such portable electric tool or electrode holder is not in operation no account shall be taken of brief interruptions of work occurring during normal working.

Provided further that energy may not be cut off from any such equipment if a responsible person is left in charge of it in such tank, compartment or space concerned;

Provided further that cutting of all electrical energy by operation of any switch or control provided on the portable tool or electrodes holder itself should not be taken as fulfilling the requirements of this sub-rule. MISCELLANEOUS SAFETY PROVISIONS

(52) Lighting:- All parts of a vessel and all other places where the operations are being carried on, and all approaches to such parts and to places to which a worker may be required to proceed in the course of his employment shall be sufficiently and suitably lighted in providing such lighting, due regard shall be given to avoidance of glare and formation of shadows, to the safety of the vessel and cargo, of the navigation of other vessels, and to any local statutory requirements as to the lighting of the harbour or dock.

(53) Work in boilers etc.:-a. No work shall be permitted in any boiler, furnace or boiler flue until it has been sufficiently cooled to make work safe for the workers. b. Before any worker enters any steam boiler which is one of a range of two or more steam boilers,

(i) all inlets through which steam or hot water might otherwise enter the boiler from any other part of the range shall be disconnected from that part, or

(ii) All valves or taps controlling such entry shall be closed and securely locked. c. While workers remain in any steam boiler to which clause (b) of this sub-rule applies all such inlets as are referred to in that clause in shall remain disconnected or all such valve sort aps as are there referred to shall remain closed and securely locked. d. No worker shall be allowed or required to enter or remain in, and no person shall enter or remain, in any steam boiler to which clause, (b) of this sub- rule applies unless the provisions of that clause are being complied with.

(54) Hatch beams: The hatch beams of any hatch in use for the options shall, if not removed be adequately secured to prevent their displacement.

(55) Jumped-up bolts: Bolts which have been jumped-up and rescrewed shall not be used for securing plates on the sides of vessels, and no worker shall use such bolts for this purpose.

(56) Work in or on life boats: a. Before workers are permitted to work in or on any life boat, either stowed or in suspended positions, precautions shall be taken to prevent the boat from falling due to accidental tripping of the releasing gear or movement of the davits and capsizing of the boat if in chocks. b. Workers shall not be permitted to remain in fire boats while the life boats are being hoisted into final stowed position. PROTECTIVE WEAR

(57) Hand protection:- Adequate protection for the hands shall be available for all workers when using cutting or welding apparatus to which oxygen or any flammable gas vapour is supplied a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure or when engaged in machine caulking or machine riveting or on transporting or stacking plate or in handling plates at machines.

(58) Protection in connection with cutting or welding:-a. Suitable goggles fitted with tinted eye-pieces shall be provided and maintained for all persons employed when using cutting or welding apparatus to which oxygen or any flammable gas or vapour is supplied at a pressure above atmospheric pressure b. There shall be provided and maintained for the use of all persons employed when engaged in the process of electric welding-

(i) suitable helmets or suitable head shields or suitable hand shields to protect the eyes and face from hot metal and from rays likely to be injurious; and

(ii) Suitable gauntlets to protect the hands forearms from hot metal and from rays likely to be injurious. c. When electric welding is in progress at any place and persons other than those engaged in that process are employed in a position where the rays are likely to be injurious to their eyes, screens shall, whenever practicable, be provided at that place for the protection of those persons. Where it is not practicable to provide effective protection of these persons by screening, suitable goggles shall be provided for their use.

(59) Eye protection for other processes:- Suitable goggles of effective screens shall be provided to protect the eyes of all workers in any of the following processes : a. the cutting out or cutting off of cold rivets bolts from boilers or other plant or form ships ; b. the chipping, scaling or scurfing or boiler or ships plates c. drilling by means of portable machine tools d. Dry grinding of metals.

(60) Head Protection: When workers are employed in areas where there is danger of falling objects they shall be provided with suitable safety helmets.

(61) Safety belts and lifelines:-a. Whenever any worker is engaged on work at place from which he is liable to fall more than 2 m. he shall be provided with safety belts equipped with life lines which are secured with a minimum of slack, to a fixed structure unless any other effective means such as provision of guard rails or ropes are taken to prevent his falling. b. All safety belts and life lines shall be examined at frequent intervals by a competent person to ensure that no belt or life line which is not in good condition is used.

HEALTH AND WELFARE

(62) Prohibition of employment of young persons in certain processes:-Employment of young persons are prohibited in the following processes namely-a. The application of asbestos by means of a spray; or b. The breaking down for removal of asbestos slagging; or c. The cleaning of socks or other container which have contained asbestos; or d. the cutting of material containing asbestos by means of portable power driven saws; or e. The scaling, surfing or cleaning of boilers, combustion chambers or smoke boxes where his work exposes him to dust of such a character and to such an extent as to be likely to be injurious or offensive to persons employed in such work.

(63) Lead Processes:-a. Lead paint shall not be applied in the form of a spray, in the interior painting of any part of a ship or vessel. b. Wherever lead sheathing work is carried on for making cold storage chambers in the ships, efficient exhaust draughts with portable extractors should be provided to remove the lead fumes from the confined spaces.

(64) Stretchers ambulances and ambulances rooms etc.:-a. In every shipyard there shall be provided and kept readily available-

(i) a sufficient number of suitably constructed sling stretchers or other similar appliances for raising injured persons;

(ii) a sufficient number of carrying or wheel stretchers; and

(iii) A sufficient supply of suitable reviving apparatus and oxygen, and the stretchers and appliances and apparatus so provided shall be properly maintained. b. In every shipyard there shall always be readily available during working hour’s responsible person or responsible persons whose duty it is to summon an ambulance or other means of transport if needed in cases of accident or illness. Legible copies of a notice indicating that person or, as the case may be, those persons shall be affixed in prominent positions in every shipyard. c. In every shipyard other than a dry dock available for hire-

(i) In which the number of persons employed normally exceeds five hundred; Or

(ii) In which the number of persons employed normally exceeds one hundred and which is more than ten miles from a hospital; there shall be provided and maintained in good order and in clean condition a properly constructed ambulance room containing atleast the equipment prescribed by the rules framed under Section 45 of the Act. The room shall be used only for the purpose of treatment and rest and shall be in the charge of a suitably qualified person who shall always be readily available during working hours, and record shall be kept of all cases of accident or sickness treated at the room.

(65) Young persons:-a. No young person shall, until he was employed in a shipyard or shipyards for at least six months be employed in connection with the operations in a shipyard on a stage from which, or in any part of a ship where he is liable to fall a distance of more than 2 m. or into water in which there is a risk of drowning. b. Any young person under the age of sixteen shall, when employed in the operations in shipyard, be placed under the charge of an experienced workman.

(66) Safety supervision: In the case of every shipyard other than a dry dock available for hire being a shipyard where the number of workers regularly or from time to time, exceeds five- hundred, a person experienced in the work of such yards shall be appointed and employed exclusively to exercise general supervision of the observance of these sub-rules and to promote the safe conduct of the work generally.