Schedule B XXV Manufacture of Rayon by viscose process

1. Definitions.-For the purpose of this Part-

a. "approved" means approved for the time being in writing by the Chief

Inspector;

b. "breathing apparatus" means a helmet or face piece with necessary

connections by means of which the person using it in a poisonous,

asphyxiating or irritant atmosphere breathes unpolluted air;or any

other approved apparatus ;

c. "churn" means the vessel in which alkali cellulose pulp is treated with

carbon disulphide ;

d. "dumping" means transfer of cellulose xanthate from a dry churn to a

dissolver ;

e. "efficient exhaust draught" means localised ventilation by mechanical

means for the removal of any gas or vapour, so as to prevent it from

escaping into the air of any place in which work is carried on. No

draught shall be deemed to be efficient if it fails to control effectively

any gas or vapour generated at the point where such gas or fume

originates;

"fume process" means any process in which carbon disulphide or

hydrogen sulphide is produced, used or given off ;

g. "life belt" means a belt made of leather or other suitable material

which can be securely fastened round the body with a suitable length

of rope attached to it, each of which is sufficiently strong to sustain the

weight of a man;

h. "protective equipment" means apron, goggles, face shields, footwear,

gloves and overalls made of suitable materials.

2. Ventilation.-

I. In all workrooms where a fume process is carried on, adequate ventilation by

natural or mechanical means shall be provided so as to control, in association

with other control measures, the concentration of carbon-di-sulphide and

hydrogen sulphide in the air of every work environment within the permissible

limits.

Il.

Notwithstanding the requirements in sub-paragraph (I) an efficient exhaust

draught shall be provided and maintained to control the concentration of

carbon-disulphide and hydrogen sulphide in

the air at the following

locations:-

a. dumping hoppers of dry churns;

b. spinning machines;

c. trio rollers and cutters used in steple fibre spinning;

d. gydro-extractors for yarn cakes;

e. after treatment processes; and

f. spin baths.

III. In so far as the spinning machines and trio rollers and cutters used in staple

fibre spinning are concerned, they shall be, for the purpose of ensuring the

effectiveness of the exhaust draft to be provided as required in sub-paragraph

(1),enclosed as fully as practicable and provided with suitable shutters in

sections to enable the required operations to be carried out without giving

rise to undue quantities of carbon-di-dulphide escaping to the work

environment.

IV.

No dry churn shall be opened after completion of reaction without initially

exhausting the residual vapours of carbon- di-sulphide by operation of a

suitable and efficient arrangement for exhausting the vapours which shall be

continued to be operated as long as the churn is kept opened.

Whenever any ventilation apparatus normally required for the purpose of

meeting the requirements in sub- paragraphs (II), (III), and (IV) is

ineffective, fails, oris stopped for any purpose whatsoever, all persons shall

be required to leave the work areas where the equipment or processes

specified in the above said sub-paragraphs are in use, as soon as possible,

and in any case not later than 15 minutes after such an occurrence.

VI. (a) All ventilating systems provided for the purposes as required in sub-

paragraphs (II), (III) and (IV) shall be examined and inspected once every

week by a responsible person. It shall be thoroughly examined and tested by

a competent person once in every period of 12 months. Any defects found by

such examinations or test shall be rectified forthwith;

(b) A register containing particulars of such examinations and tests, and the

state of the systems and the repairs or alterations (if any) found to be

necessary shall be kept and shall be available for inspection by an Inspector.

3. Waste from spinning machines.—Waste yarn from the spinning machines

shall be deposited in suitable containers provided with close fitting covers.

Such waste shall be disposed off as quickly as possible after decontamination.

4. Lining of dry churns.—The inside surface of all dry churns shall be coated

with a non-sticky paint so that cellulose xanthate will not stick to the surface

of the churn. Such coating shall be maintained in good condition.

5. Air monitoring.-

I. To ensure the effectiveness of the control measures, monitoring of carbon-

disulphide and hydrogen sulphide in air shall be carried out once at least in

every shift and the record of the results so obtained shall be entered in a

register specially maintained for the purposes.

IL.

For the purpose of the requirement in sub-paragraph (1), instantaneous gas

detector tubes shall not be used. Samples shall be collected over duration of

not less than 10 minutes and analyzed by an approved method. The locations

where such monitoring is to be done shall be as directed by the Inspector.

III.

If the concentration of either carbon disulphide or hydrogen sulphide exceeds

the permissible limits for such vapour or gas as laid down in Rule 66, suitable

steps shall be taken for controlling the concentrations in air of such

contaminants. A report of such occurrences shall be sent to the Chief

Inspector forthwith.

6. Prohibition to remain in fume process room.-No person during his intervals

for meal, or rest shall remain in any room wherein fume process is carried on.

7. Prohibition relating to employment of young persons.- No young person

shall be employed or permitted to work in any fume process or in any room in

which any such process is carried on.

8. Protective equipment.-

I. the occupier shall provide and maintain in good condition protective

equipment as specified in the Table for use of persons employed in the

processes referred to therein.

Table

No. Process

Protective equipment

1. Dumping

Overalls, face-shields, gloves and footwear all made of

suitable material

2. Spinning Suitable aprons, gloves and footwear

3. Process involving or

Suitable gloves and footwear likely

to involve contact

with viscose solution

4. Handling of sulphur

Suitable chemical goggles

5. Any other process

Protective equipment as may be

involving contact directed by the Chief Inspector

with hazardous

by an order in writing chemicals

II. A suitable room, rooms or lockers shall be provided exclusively for the storage

of all protective equipment supplied to workers and no such equipment shall

be stored at any place other than the room, rooms or lockers so provided.

9.Breathing apparatus.-

I. There shall be provided in every factory where fume process is carried on,

sufficient supply of-

a. breathing apparatus ;

b. oxygen and a suitable appliance for its administration; and

c. life belts.

II. (a) The breathing apparatus and other appliances referred to in sub-

paragraph (I) shall be maintained in good condition and kept in appropriate

locations so as to be readily available;

b. The breathing apparatus and other appliances referred at(a) and (b) of sub-

paragraph (I) shall be cleaned and disinfected at suitable intervals and

thoroughly inspected once every month by a responsible person ;

c. A record of the maintenance of the condition of the breathing apparatus and

other appliances referred to in sub- paragraph(I) shall be entered in a register

provided for that purpose which shall be readily available for inspection by an

Inspector.

III. Sufficient number of workers shall be trained and periodically retrained in the

use of breathing apparatus and administering artificial respiration so that at

least 2 such trained persons would be available during all the working hours

in each room in which fume process is carried on.

IV. Breathing apparatus shall be kept properly labelled in clean, dry, light-proof

cabinets and if liable to be affected by fumes, shall be protected by placing

them in suitable containers.

V. No person shall be employed to perform any work for which breathing

apparatus is necessary to be provided under sub- paragraph (1) unless he has

been fully instructed in the proper use of that equipment.

VL.

No breathing apparatus provided in pursuance of sub-paragraph (1) which

has been worn by a person shall be worn by another person shall be worn by

anotherperson unless it has been thoroughly cleaned and disinfected since

last being worn and the person has been fully instructed in the proper use of

that equipment.

10.

Electric fittings.—All electric fittings in any room in which carbon-di-sulphide

is produced, used or given off or is likely to be given off into the work

environment, other than a spinning room, shall be of flame- proof

construction and all electric conductors shall either be enclosed in metal

conduits or be lead-sheathed.

11.

Prohibition relating to smoking, etc.—No person shall smoke or carry

matches, fire or naked light or other means of producing a naked light or

spark in a room in which fume process is carried on. A notice in the language

understood by the majority of the workers shall be posted a prominent

locations in the plant prohibitingsmoking and carrying of matches, fire or

naked light or other means of producing naked light or spark into such rooms

Provided that fire, naked light or other means of producing a naked light of

spark may be carried on in such room only when required for the purposes of

the process itself under the direction of a responsible person.

12.

Washing and bathing facilities.-

I. There shall be provided and maintained in a clean state and in good repair for

the use of all workers employed and in the processes covered by the

schedule, adequate washing and bathing places having a constant supply of

water under cover at the rate of one such place for every 25 persons

employed.

II. The washing places shall have standpipes placed at intervals of not less than

one meter.

IIl. Not less than one half of the total number of washing places shall be provided

with bathrooms.

IV. Sufficient supply of clean towels made of suitable material shall be provided :

Provided that such towels shall be supplied individually for each worker if so

ordered by the Inspector.

V. Sufficient supply of soap and nail brushes shall be provided.

13. Rest Room.-

I. A rest room shall be provided for the workers engaged in doffing operations

of filament yarn spinning process.

II. Such rest room shall be provided with fresh air supply and adequate seating

arrangement.

14.

Cautionary notice and instructions-

I. The following cautionary notice shall be prominently displayed in each fume

process room :

Cautionary Notice.-

i. Carbon disulphide (CS2) and Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) which may be

present in this room are hazardous to health ;

iL

iii.

Follow safety instructions;

Use protective equipment and breathing apparatus as and when

required ;

iv. Smoking is strictly prohibited in this area.

This notice shall be in a language understood by the majority of the workers

and displayed where it can be easily and conveniently read. If any worker is

illiterate, effective steps shall be taken to explain carefully to him the

contents of the notice so displayed.

Il. Arrangements shall be made to instruct each worker employed in any room in

which a fume process is carried on regarding the health hazards connected

with their work and the preventive measures and methods to protect

themselves. Such instructions shall be given on his first employment and

repeated periodically.

Simple and special instructions shall be framed to ensure that effective

measures will be carried out in case of emergency involving escape of

carbondi-sulphide and hydrogen sulphide. Those instructions shall be

displayed in the concerned areas and workers shall be instructed and trained

in the actions to be taken in such emergencies.

15.

Medical facilities and records of examinations and tests.-

I. The occupier of every factory to which this schedule applies, shall-

a.employ a qualified medical practitioner for medical surveillance of the

workers employed therein whose employment shall be subject to the

approval of the Chief Inspector of Factories ; and

b. Provide to the said medical practitioner all the necessary facilities for

the purpose referred at (a).

II. The record of such examinations carried out by the medical practitioner shall

be maintained in a separate,register approved by the Chief Inspector of

Factories, which shall be kept readily available for inspection by the Inspector.

16.

I.

Medical examination by Medical Officer.-

Every worker employed in the processes specified in paragraph 1 shall be

examined by a Medical Officer within days of his first employment. Such

examinations shall include skin test for dermatitis and no worker shall be

allowed to work after 15 days of his first employment in the factory unless

certified fit for such employment by the Medical Officer.

Everyworker employedin a manganese process shall be re-examined by a

Medical Officer at least once in every three calendar months and such

examination shall, wherever the Medical Officer considers appropriate, include

all the tests in sub-paragraph (I).

The Medical Officer after examining a worker shall issue a Certificate of

Fitness in Form XXIII. The record of examination and re-examinations carried

out shall be entered in the Certificate and the Certificate shall be kept in the

custody of the manager of the factory. The record of each examination carried

out under sub- paragraph (I) and (II) including the nature and the results of

these test, shall also be entered by the Medical Officer in a health register in

Form XXIV.

IV. The Certificate of Fitness and the health register shall be kept readily available

for inspection by the Inspector.

V. If at any time the Medical Officer is of the opinion that a worker is no longer

fit for employment in the said processes on the ground that continuance

therein would involve special danger to the health of the worker, he shall

make a record of his findings in the said certificate and the health register.

The entry of his findings in those documents should also include the period

for which he considers that the said person is unfit to work in the said process

shall be provided with alternate placement facilities unless he is fully

incapacitated in the opinion of the Medical Officer, in which case the person

affected shall be suitably rehabilitated.

VI.

No person who has been found unfit to work as said in sub-paragraph (V)

shall be re-employed or permitted to work in the said processes unless the

Medical Officer, after further examination, again certifies him fit for

employment in those processes.

Exemptions.-If in respect of any factory, the Chief Inspector is satisfied

that owing to the exceptional circumstances or infrequency ofthe processes or

for any other reason, all or any of the provisions of this schedule is not

necessary for the protection of the workers in the factory, the Chief Inspector

may be a certificate in writing which he may in his discretion revoke at any

time,exempt such factory from all or any of such provisions subject to such

conditions, if any, as he may specify therein.