Schedule XI

Manufacture of Pottery and Process Incidental Thereto

1. Definitions.- For the purposes of this schedule,-

(a) "Pottery" includes earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, china tile and any other

article made from clay or from a mixture containing clay and other materials such

as quartz, flint, feldspar and gypsum;

(b) "efficient exhaust draught" means localised ventilation affected by mechanical or

other means for removal of dust or fume so as to prevent it from escaping into the

air of any place in which work is carried on. No draughts, shall be deemed

efficient which fails to remove effectively dust or fume generated at the point

where dust or fume originates;

(c) "fettling" includes scalloping, towing, sand papering, sand sticking, brushing or

any other process of cleaning of pottery ware in which dust is given off;

(d) "Lead less glaze" means a glaze which does not contain more than 1% of dry

weight of a lead compound calculated as lead monoxide;

(e) "Low solubility glaze" means a glaze which does not yield to dilute hydrochloric

acid more than five per cent of its dry weight of a soluble lead compound

calculated as lead monoxide when determined in the manner described below:-

A weighted quantity of the material which has been dried at 100 degree C and

thoroughly mixed shall be continuously shaken for one hour, at the common

temperature with 1,000 times its weight of an aqueous solution of hydrochloric

acid containing 0.25 per cent by weight of hydrogen chloride. This solution shall

thereafter be allowed to stand for one hour and then filtered. The lead salt

contained in the clear filtrate shall then be precipitated as lead sulphide and

weighed as lead sulphide;

(f) "ground or powdered flint or quartz" does not include natural sands; and

(g) "potters’ shop" includes all places where pottery is formed by pressing or by any

other process and all places where shaping, fettling or other treatment of pottery

articles prior to placing for the biscuit, fire is carried on.

2. Efficient exhaust draught.- The following process shall not be carried on without the use

of an efficient exhaust draught:-

(a) All processes involving the manipulation or use of a dry and unfretted lead

compound;

(b) The fettling operations of any kind, whether on greenware or biscuit; provided that

this shall not apply to the wet fettling, and the occasional finishing of pottery

articles without the aid of mechanical power;

(c) The shifting of clay dust or any other material for making or other articles by

pressure, except where,-

(i) this is done in a machine so enclosed as to effectually prevent the escape of

dust, or

(ii) the material to be shifted so damp that no dust can be given off;

(d) The processing of tiles from clay dust, an exhaust opening being connected with

each press. This sub-clause shall also apply to the pressing from clay dust of

articles other than tiles, unless the material is so damp that no dust is given off;

(e) The fettling of tiles made from clay dust by pressure, except where the fettling is

done wholly on, or with, damp material. This sub-clause shall also apply to the

fettling of other articles made from clay dust, unless the material is so damp that

no dust is given off;

(f) The process of loading and unloading of saggars where handling and manipulation

of ground and powdered flint, quartz, alumina or other materials are involved.

(g) The brushing of earthenware biscuit, unless the process is carried on in a room

provided with efficient general mechanical ventilation or other ventilation which

is certified by the Inspector-cum-Facilitator of Factories as adequate, having

regard to all the circumstances of the case;

(h) Fettling of biscuit ware which has been fired empowered flint or quartz except

where this is done in machines so enclosed as to effectually prevent the escape of

dust.

(i) Ware cleaning after the application of glaze by dipping or other process;

(j) Crushing and dry grinding of materials for pottery bodies and saggars, unless

carried on in machines so enclosed as to effectively prevent the escape of dust or

is so damp that no dust can be given off;

(k) Sieving or manipulation of powdered flint, quartz, clay grog or mixture of these

materials, unless it is so damp that no dust can be given off;

(l) Grinding of tiles on a power-driven wheel, unless an efficient water spray is used

on the wheel;

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(m) Lifting and conveying of materials by elevators and conveyors unless they are

effectively enclosed and so arranged as to prevent escape of dust into the air in or

near any place at which persons are employed;

(n) The preparation or weighing out of flow material, lawning or dry colours,

colouring, dusting and colour blowing;

(o) Mould making, unless the bins or similar receptacles used for holding plaster of

Paris are provided with suitable covers; and

(p) The manipulation of calcined material, unless the material has been made and

remains so wet that no dust is given off.

3. Carrying of processes.- Each of the following processes shall be carried on in such a

manner and under such conditions so as to secure effectual separation from one another and

from other wet processes,-

(a) Crushing and dry grinding or sieving of materials fettling, pressing of tiles, drying

of clay and green ware. loading and unloading saggars; or

(b) All processes involving the use of dry lead compound.

4. Use of glaze.- No glaze which is not a lead less glaze or a low solubility glaze, shall be

used in a factory on which pottery is manufactured.

5. Potter's Wheel.- The potter's wheel (jolly and jigger shall be provided with screens or so

constructed, as to prevent clay scrapings being thrown off beyond the wheel).

6. Measures to be taken to prevent dust flowing.- (1) All practical measures shall be taken

by damping or otherwise to prevent dust arising during cleaning of floors.

(2) Damp saw dust or other suitable material shall be used to render the moist method

effective in preventing dust rising into the air during the cleaning process which shall be

carried out after work has ceased.

7. Cleaning of floors.- The floors of potter's shops, slip houses, dipping, houses and ware

cleaning rooms shall be hard, smooth and impervious and shall be thoroughly cleaned daily

by a moist method.

8. Medical examination by the Medical Officer- (1) Every worker employed in any

process mentioned under clause 3, shall be examined by a Medical Officer within 15 days of

his first employment. Such examination shall include tests for lead in urine and blood, ALA

in urine, haemoglobin content stippling of cells and pulmonary functions tests and chest X-

rays for workers engaged in processes mentioned in clauses (i) and (xiv) of clause 2 and

pulmonary function tests and chest X-rays for the others. No worker shall be allowed to work

after 15 days of his first employment in the factory unless certified fit for such employment

by the Medical Officer.

9. Protective equipment.- (1) The occupier shall provide and maintain suitable overalls and

head coverings for all persons employed in the processes mentioned in clause (2).

(2) The occupier shall provide and maintain suitable aprons of water proof of similar material

which can be sponged daily for the use of the dippers, dippers' assistants, throwers, jolly

workers, casters, mould makers and filter press and pug mill workers.

(3) Aprons provided in pursuance of sub-clause (2). shall be thoroughly cleaned daily by the

wearer by sponging or other wet process. All overalls and head coverings shall be washed,

cleaned and mended at least once a week and this washing, cleaning or mending shall be

provided by the occupier.

(4) No person shall be allowed to work in emptying sacks of dusty materials, weighing out

and mixing of dusty materials and charging of ball mills and blunger's without wearing a

suitable and efficient dust respirator.

10. Application.- The provisions contained in this Schedule shall not apply to a factory in

which any of the following articles, but no other pottery is made: -

(a) unglazed or salt glazed bricks and tiles: and

(b) architectural terra-cotta made from plastic clay and either unglazed or glazed with

a lead less glaze only.

11. Exemptions.- If in respect of any factory, the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator is satisfied

that all or any of the provisions of this Schedule are not necessary for, the protection of the

persons employed in such factory, he may by a certificate in writing, exempt such factory,

from all or any of such provisions, subject to such conditions, as he may specify therein. Such

facilities may at any time be revoked by the Chief Inspector-cum-Facilitator without

assigning any reasons.